Attention:
- Research a mishap case study:
- Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap
- Relate similar personal experience of the same type of incident/accident/mishap
Motivator:
- As the name suggests, holding is the act of delaying an aircraft from proceeding on course
- Holding becomes necessary when there is a need to keep air traffic within specified airspace that is reasonably protected
- Different types of holding patterns are established based on their purpose and phase of flight
- Holding consists of several holding orbits, which the pilot must maintain
- Air Traffic Control (ATC) issues holding clearances
- Holding can be accomplished at a Navigational Aid (NAVAID), a fix, or an intersection, dictating how pilots execute their holding procedures
- Practice holding procedures is critical as this can be a perishable skill
- While holding is an IFR task, under certain circumstances, VFR operations require holding
Overview:
Topic:
Time:
Introduction:
0:05
Holding Procedures:
0:10
Review (quiz):
0:05
Case Studies:
0:05
Total Ground Time:
0:30
Required Materials:
- Paper, Pen, Marker, Whiteboard
Instructor Actions:
- Review Airman Certification Standards
Student Actions:
- Complete assigned reading (see content above)
- Ask pertinent questions
- Make a go/no-go decision, as appropriate
Instrument Rating - Holding Procedures Lesson Plan:
- To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with holding procedures solely by reference to instruments
- References: 14 CFR parts 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16; AIM
Holding Procedures Knowledge:
The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:Holding Procedures Risk Management:
The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:-
IR.III.B.R1:
Recalculating fuel reserves if assigned an unanticipated EFC time -
IR.III.B.R2:
Scenarios and circumstances that could result in minimum fuel or the need to declare an emergency -
IR.III.B.R3:
Scenarios that could lead to holding, including deteriorating weather at the planned destination -
IR.III.B.R4:
Improper holding entry and improper wind correction while holding
Holding Procedures Skills:
The applicant demonstrates the ability to:-
IR.III.B.S1:
Explain and use an entry procedure that ensures the airplane remains within the holding pattern airspace for a standard, nonstandard, published, or non-published holding pattern -
IR.III.B.S2:
Change to the holding airspeed appropriate for the altitude or airplane when 3 minutes or less from, but prior to arriving at, the holding fix and set appropriate power as needed for fuel conservation -
IR.III.B.S3:
Recognize arrival at the holding fix and promptly initiate entry into the holding pattern -
IR.III.B.S4:
Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, selected headings within ±10&Deg;, and track a selected course, radial, or bearing within ¾-scale deflection of the CDI -
IR.III.B.S5:
Use proper wind correction procedures to maintain the desired pattern and to arrive over the fix as close as possible to a specified time and maintain pattern leg lengths when specified -
IR.III.B.S7:
Comply with ATC reporting requirements and restrictions associated with the holding pattern -
IR.III.B.S8:
Demonstrate SRM
Re-Motivation:
Closure:
- Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson
- Assign study materials for the next lesson