Normal Approach and Landing
Lesson Plan

Introduction:

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a normal approach and landing with emphasis on proper use of flight controls
  • Note: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant's knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing
  • References: FAA-S-ACS-6, FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Attention:

  • Research a mishap case study:
  • Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap
  • Relate similar personal experience of the same type of incident/accident/mishap

Motivator:

  • Normal approaches and landings are the building blocks from which all other landings build
  • While this procedure is for normal landing, assuming the wind is blowing right down the runway, that will almost never be the case

Overview:

Topic:
Time:
Introduction:
0:05
Normal Approach and Landing:
0:15
Review (quiz):
0:05
Case Studies:
0:05
Total Ground Time:
0:30

Required Materials:

  • Paper, Pen, Marker, Whiteboard

Instructor Actions:

Student Actions:

  • Complete assigned reading (see content above)
  • Ask pertinent questions
  • Make a go/no-go decision, as appropriate

Normal Approach and Landing Airman Certification Standards:

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a normal approach and landing with emphasis on proper use of flight controls
  • Note: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant's knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Normal Approach and Landing Knowledge:

The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.B.K1:

    A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts

  • PA.IV.B.K2:

    Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance

  • PA.IV.B.K3:

    Wind correction techniques on approach and landing

Normal Approach and Landing Risk Management:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.B.R1:

    Selection of runway or approach path and touchdown area based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind

  • PA.IV.B.R2:

    Effects of:

  • PA.IV.B.R3:

    Planning for:

  • PA.IV.B.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vehicles, vessels, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.B.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.B.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, incorrect airport surface approach and landing, or improper task management

Normal Approach and Landing Skills:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.B.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.B.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.B.S3:

    Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned runway or landing surface

  • PA.IV.B.S4:

    Scan runway or landing surface and the adjoining area for traffic and obstructions

  • PA.IV.B.S5:

    Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind, landing surface, and obstructions

  • PA.IV.B.S6:

    Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach

  • PA.IV.B.S7:

    Maintain manufacturer's published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied

  • PA.IV.B.S8:

    Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing

  • PA.IV.B.S9:

    Make smooth, timely, and correct control application during round out and touchdown

  • PA.IV.B.S10:

    Touch down at a proper pitch attitude, within 400 feet beyond or on the specified point, with no side drift, and with the airplane's longitudinal axis aligned with and over the runway center/landing path

  • PA.IV.B.S11:

    Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing

  • PA.IV.B.S12:

    Utilize runway incursion avoidance procedures procedures

Re-Motivation:

Closure:

  • Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson
  • Assign study materials for the next lesson